Water-motor.



H. R. IRWIN.

WATER MOTOR.

APPLICATION FILED APR. 3, 1911 1,082,635; Patented Dec. 30, 1913.

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UNITED STATES ATENT @FFIQE.

WATER-MOTOR.

To all whom it may concern Be it known that I, HARRY R. IRWIN, a citizen of the United States, and a resident of Fort Thomas, in the county of Campbell and State of Kentucky, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in VVater- Motors, of which the following is a full, clear, and exact description, reference being had to the accompanying drawing, forming a part of this specification.

My invention relates to water motors of the reciprocating or rotary type for driving light machinery, in which a hollow piston or hollow water box is provided divided into non-communicating compartments with inlet and exhaust valves therefor to alternately shift the water pressure from one side of the piston to the'other to reciprocate or oscillate the piston in the motor casing.

My invention has particular relation to such water motors in which the valves are shifted automatically without the use of springs and my object is to provide a con struction in which only a single compound valve is employed, comprising in its struc ture inlet and exhaust valves for both inlet and exhaust chambers and in which without the use of springs the inlet valve alone shall contact with the abutment and the exhaust valves shall be shifted by the action of the inlet valves, so that the irregularity of wear incident to constructions in which both inlet and exhaust valves are shifted by contact with abutments shall be avoided, and thus the eifective operation of the motor shall be greatly enhanced even under moderate or low water pressures.

In the drawings, Figure 1 is a central longitudinal section taken through the motor cylinder of my improved motor. Fig. 2 is a cross section taken on the line 2, 2, of Fig. 1, Fig. 3 is a cross section taken on the line 3, 3, of Fig. 1.

In the preferred form of my invention which I have illustrated as of the reciprocating type of motor, 4: is the motor cylinder, provided with the usual heads 5, 6, properly secured on the ends of the cylinder.

7 is the reciprocating piston, which is constructed with a central hollow space, divided into two non-communicating chambers 8 and 9, by the walls 10 and 11 and a connecting wall 12, so as to provide one chamber inside the other.

Inasmuch as in the construction illustrated, the valve mechanism is located at.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Application filed April 3, 1911.

Patented Dec. 33,1913.

Serial No. 618,745.

the central portion of the motor cylinder, I provide two piston rods 13 and 14, each secured to the face of the piston and passing through suitable openings in the cylinder head 6, where stufling boxes 15 and 16 are provided for the respective heads. The two piston rods are connected to the yoke 17 at the outer end, and this yoke is provided with a forwardly projecting rack bar 18, of any other suitable connecting mechanism for communicating power.

Inasmuch as it is not at all essential that the valve mechanism should be located centrally, it will of course be understood that when this mechanism does not interfere, that the usual single central piston rod and connecting mechanism for communicating power will be used.

The inner chamber 8 forms the inlet chamher, to .which the liquid under pressure is applied by the inlet tube 19, which is secured to the wall 11 and opens into the inlet chamber.

9 is the exhaust chamber, and 20 the exhaust pipe, which is secured to the piston wall and opens into the exhaust chamber.

The inlet and exhaust tubes pass through 2 suitable openings in the head 5 of the cylinder and project into the supply pipe 21 and waste pipe 22 respectively; and 23 and 24 represent suitable stufiing boxes for these connections; and as the piston is reciprocated, it will be understood that the inlet and exhaust tubes 19 and 20 slide back and forth in the stuffing boxes.

25 is the double puppet inlet valve which has its seats at 26, 27, on opposite sides of the opposing walls of the inlet chamber 8. In order to permit the insertion of the double puppet inlet valve, one of these seats is provided in the sleeve 28, which is suitably screw threaded into the necessary opening in the wall 10 around the valve. 29 and 30 are the valve stems of the double inlet valve, preferably cylindrical in shape, and having a close sliding fitwith the walls of the openings in the inlet chamber. These stems 29, 30 are hollow tubes opening at the outer ends and provided with suitable openings 31, 32, through the hollow stems near the valve seats. In the respective faces of the piston, the outer ends of these tubular stems are reduced in diameter so as to form shoulders 35, 36 on either end, and upon these reduced portions of the outer ends of the inlet valve stems are mounted,

with a close sliding fit, the annular-shaped exhaust valve 37, 38, and the outer ends of the inlet valve stems are provided with rings or open caps 39, 40, which are screw threaded in the ends of the stems, the inner edges of these caps forming stops to limit the play of the annular exhaust valves on the stems of the inlet valves between the shoulders 35 and 36 and the respective caps. The openings 33, 34, in the faces of the piston form the exhaust passages from either end of the cylinder chamber into the exhaust chamber of the piston and the exhaust valves 37, 38, are of greater diameter than these openings, so that when seated the exhaust passages are closed.

The motor operates as follows: As illustrated in Fig. 1, the piston is supposed to be moved toward the left, and water under pressure enters through the inlet tube 19 into the inlet chamber 8 and passes through the inlet valve seat on the right through the openings 32 into the hollow stem and thence into the right hand chamber of the cylinder. Under this condition, the exhaust valve 38 will be closed, shutting ofi the exhaust port 33, and the shoulder 35 on the inlet valve stem will be withdrawn from the inner face of the exhaust valve, and in the opposite chamber the exhaust valve 37 will be open and resting on the shoulder 36 of the inlet valve stem. As the piston head approaches the left hand end of the cylinder, the projecting end of the inlet valve comes in contact with the cylinder head 6, and the inlet valve is slightly shifted from its seat 27, allowing the motor liquid to pass into the hollow stem 30. The valves do not become balanced, however, because momentarily the inlet valve only moves sufficiently to bring the shoulder 35 against the face of the exhaust valve 38, without shifting it from its seat, and the exhaust valve 37 still remains open. The piston head therefore continues its movement toward the left, and this continued movement allows the shoulder on the stem 29 to unseat the exhaust valve 38, releasing the water under pressure on the working side of the piston and the accumulated pressure of the inlet water in the stem 30 of the inlet valve, the outer end of which has become closed by contact with the cylinder head 6, forces the inlet valve to the opposite seat, thus closing off the inlet pressure and opening up the exhaust for the right hand end and closing the exhaust valve and opening up the left hand end of the cylinder to the full inlet pressure. In the same way, on the return stroke, the inlet valve is first shifted from its seat; then the exhaust valve is shifted 'to relieve the pressure, and the inlet pressure is transferred to the opposite end and the motor continues its operation as long as the water pressure is supplied.

The construction illustrated in which the exhaust valves are mounted on the inlet valve stems and are shifted by the movement of the inlet valve, presents a construction in which the irregularity of wear between the inlet and exhaust valves is almost entirely obviated. The inlet valve alone comes in contact with a fixed abutment. The exhaust valves are moved by the moving inlet valve and thus under a water cushion, so that the wear on the shoulders of the inlet valve stems and the contacting surface of the exhaust valves is very slight; and in addition such wear within the operative limits does not affect the operation of the motor.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is

1. In a water motor, a motor chamber with a movable piston therein, means for supplying water to both sides of the piston, inlet valves to control the supply, with hollow stems for the inlet valves projecting into the motor chamber on each side of the piston, with openings beyond the valve seats into said chambers for the passage of the water, with means for initially shifting said valves to permit accumulation of pressure therein to fully actuate same, and annular exhaust valves to govern the exhaust mounted to slide on the inlet valve stems, and shoulders on the inlet valve stems to shift the exhaust valves with the subsequent movement of the inlet valve, to permit the complete reversal of the inlet valve. I

2. In a water motor, a motor chamber, with a hollow movable piston therein, comprising non-co-mmunicating chambers, with the inlet chamber located within the exhaust chamber, a double puppet inlet valve to control the supply, with hollow stems therefor projecting into the motor chamber on each side of the piston, with openings beyond the valve seats into said stems, said stems being projected through exhaust ports into the motor chamber of larger diameter than the stems, with annular exhaust valves mounted to slide on the stems and to close the'exhaust ports alternately, with means to permit the inlet valve to be shifted initially without actuation of the exhaust valves, and means on the inlet valve stems to shift the exhaust valve with the completion of the movement of the inlet valve, to permit the complete reversal of the inlet valve.

3. In a water motor, a motor chamber, with a hollow movable piston therein, comprising non-communicating chambers, with the inlet chamber located within the exhaust chamber, a double puppet inlet valve to control the supply, with hollow stems therefor projecting into the motor chamber on each side of the piston, with openings beyond the seats into said stems, said stems being projected through exhaust ports into the motor chamber of larger diameter than the the exhaust valve With the completion of stems, with annular exhaust valves mounted the movement of the inlet valve, to permit 10 to slide on the stems and to'close the exhaust the complete reversal of the inlet valve.

ports alternately, shoulders on the inlet valve stems normally out of contact With the eX- HARRY IRWIN' haust valves when closed to permit the ini- Witnesses:

tial movement of the inlet valve Without ac- MARSTON ALLEN,

tuation of the exhaust valve, and to shift K- S I Gopies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressing the Commissioner of Patents, Washington, D. C. 

